在2022年5月《Frontiers in Surgery》杂志上,由Federico Raveglia(意大利)、Riccardo Orlandi(意大利)、李鹤成(中国)、Robert Cerfolio(美国)、John Kit Chung Tam(新加坡)和Marco Scarci(英国)教授共同发起的最新特刊“Rethink Thoracic Surgery as a Whole After the Pandemic: How to optimize resources and deliver excellent patient care”中,瑞金医院胸外科李鹤成教授作为受邀嘉宾,发表了题名为“Considerations for the Surgical Management of Thoracic Cancers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Rational Strategies for Thoracic Surgeons”—— COVID-19大流行期间胸部恶性肿瘤手术治疗的注意事项:胸外科医师的合理策略的专家述评。
胸外科李鹤成教授为论文的通讯作者,胸外科张家豪博士研究生、韩逸超博士研究生、张亚杰主治医师为论文的共同第一作者。
2019年新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)由SARS-CoV-2病毒感染引起,目前已在全球广泛传播,导致全球超过18亿例感染病例和3,930,000例死亡。由于COVID-19大流行不断给几乎每个国家的卫生系统施加压力,干扰了严重流行地区的正常医疗服务提供。受此影响,全球大部分地区早期肺癌和其他胸部肿瘤的择期手术受到推迟。胸部恶性肿瘤切除术的推迟带来了疾病进展的风险。此外,社交距离政策影响了门诊疑似非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)和食管癌(EC)的初步诊断和随访评估。因此,根据某一地区的COVID-19病例数量,胸部肿瘤的外科治疗中外科医生和医护人员对标准做法进行适当修改,并且应该采取某些措施以尽量减少传播风险。
在《Frontiers in Surgery》该特刊中,来自意大利San Gerardo Hospital、新加坡National University Heart Centre、美国NYU Langone Health等各国的胸外科专家分享了关于优化新冠期间胸外科诊疗不同的观点。李鹤成教授受邀在该板块发表的专家述评分享和讨论了最新的临床证据,并提供相关框架和部分建议,以帮助修改当前新冠期间早期NSCLC和EC的治疗方法,从胸外科医生的角度出发,为患者的及时手术治疗和安全性以及持续大流行期间对医疗保健提供者的保护提供了参考。
根据最新循证医学证据,本研究提出以下几点建议:
1. 在COVID-19大流行期间,医院系统和医疗资源优先抗击COVID-19;
2. 为了准确区分早期肺癌和COVID-19,建议将疑似患者的影像学特征充分理解和全面分析与临床表现、流行病学史、实验室检查、病原体筛查、CT复查和病理分析相结合。应创建一个全面的分诊系统,考虑肿瘤分期、组织学和影像学特征,这些特征表明侵袭性以及 PET-CT 的 SUVmax,以优先处理恶性、行为较强的肿瘤;
3.对于惰性早期肺癌如纯磨玻璃结节/影(GGO)的外科治疗,进展风险较低,可以推迟,而应优先考虑对更具生物侵袭性的肿瘤进行选择性手术;
4.至于食管癌,我们建议对Ib期或更晚期的患者,以及新辅助治疗后的患者立即或优先手术;
5.常规COVID-19筛查应在胸腔手术前进行。必须通过向卫生保健工作者提供适当的个人防护装备(PPE),例如带有护目镜的N-95呼吸器口罩,来预防院内传播。
【Abstract】
Objective: The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a global health crisis since first case was identified in December 2019. As the pandemic continues to strain global public health systems, elective surgeries for thoracic cancer, such as early-stage lung cancer and esophageal cancer (EC), have been postponed due to a shortage of medical resources and the risk of nosocomial transmission. This review is aimed to discuss the influence of COVID-19 on thoracic surgical practice, prevention of nosocomial transmission during the pandemic, and propose modifications to the standard practices in the surgical management of different thoracic cancer.
Methods: A literature search of PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar was performed for articles focusing on COVID-19, early-stage lung cancer, and EC prior to 1 July 2021. The evidence from articles was combined with our data and experience.
Results: We review the challenges in the management of different thoracic cancer from the perspectives of thoracic surgeons and propose rational strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of early-stage lung cancer and EC during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the optimization of hospital systems and medical resources is to fight against COVID-19. Indolent early lung cancers, such as pure ground-glass nodules/opacities (GGOs), can be postponed with a lower risk of progression, while selective surgeries of more biologically aggressive tumors should be prioritized. As for EC, we recommend immediate or prioritized surgeries for patients with stage Ib or more advanced stage and patients after neoadjuvant therapy. Routine COVID-19 screening should be performed preoperatively before thoracic surgeries. Prevention of nosocomial transmission by providing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as N-95 respirator masks with eye protection to healthcare workers, is necessary.
【中文摘要】
目的:自2019年12月发现首例病例以来,2019年新型冠状病毒病(COVID-19)已导致全球健康危机。随着大流行继续给全球公共卫生系统带来压力,由于医疗资源短缺和院内传播风险,早期肺癌和食道癌等胸部肿瘤的择期手术已被推迟。本综述旨在探讨COVID-19对胸外科实践的影响,预防大流行期间的院内传播,并提出对不同胸部肿瘤外科治疗标准实践的修改。
方法:我们对PubMed、Medline和Google学术搜索进行了文献检索,检索了2021年7月1日之前关注 COVID-19、早期肺癌和食管癌的文章。文章中的证据与我们的数据和经验相结合。
结果:我们从胸外科医生的角度回顾了不同胸部肿瘤外科治疗面临的挑战,并提出了COVID-19大流行期间早期肺癌和食管癌的诊断和治疗的合理策略。
结论:在COVID-19大流行期间,医院系统和医疗资源应优先抗击COVID-19;对于惰性早期肺癌如纯磨玻璃结节(GGO)的外科治疗,进展风险较低故可适当推迟,而应优先考虑对更具生物侵袭性的肿瘤进行选择性手术;至于食管癌,我们建议对Ib期或更晚期的患者,以及新辅助治疗后的患者立即或优先手术;常规COVID-19筛查应在胸腔手术前进行。必须通过向卫生保健工作者提供适当的个人防护装备(PPE),例如带有护目镜的N-95呼吸器口罩,来预防院内传播。
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